Build the requirement envelope

Document total mass, maximum slope, rolling resistance, thresholds, desired acceleration, target speed and cycles per shift. Calculate force and wheel torque for the combinations that can happen at the same time.

Check integration constraints

Confirm wheel diameter, swivel or fixed geometry, mounting load path, available space, battery voltage, controller current, braking and cable routing. Passive caster arrangement can either support or undermine steering.

Validate in stages

Bench-check drive direction and protection, then test low-speed handling, worst route, stopping, repeated duty and degraded battery conditions. Record results and limitations before publishing any performance claim.